Geothermal Heat Pump
Geothermal Heat Pump
Find out about using ground source heat pumps to heat your home
geothermal | energy efficiencyGeothermal heat pumps (aka
ground source heat pumps) take advantage of the relatively constant temperature of the ground as a heat source and a heat sink to provice both
heating and
cooling for homes and offices. A liquid
refridgerant is pumped from the outside to the inside carrying heat from one area to the other in much the same way that a refridgerator works - i.e the fridge is cold outside, but the back of the fridge is hot (heated by the warmth removed from inside.
There are three basic alternative geothermal heating systems -
vertical,
horizontal, or
open loop. In a vertical system a deep hole is drilled (30m or more) taking the loop of pipe to a thermally stable zone. In a horizontal system excavations are only down 4 or 5 feet and so more of the surface of your land needs to be excavated, but it is easier and therefore cheaper to achieve (see image below).
Typically a vertical system is more likely to be used where the the climate is extreme and hence where the near surface temperature of the ground is not constant. An open loop system is used sometimes used where a home is served by its own well, pond, lake, and/or river. The water used as a heat source or heat dump is then drained to another well to be used for drinking and washing etc.
To heat (or cool) your home with
geothermal energy you need a
heat pump unit (condenser outside and evaporator coil inside), a loop of refrigerant filled piping buried outside, ductwork inside, a circulating pump, and other mechanical and electrical items which complete the system. Though initially expensive,
ground source heat pumps are very cheap to run and maintain, and they are also very
efficient and environmentally friendly. However if saving money is your concern, paying for the installation of your
heat pump system through a mortgage will actually lose you money.
Geothermal heat pump systems work best with
underfloor heating rather than radiators since the
underfloor heating operates at a much lower temperature than radiators in order to heat the air of a room to the same temperature.
More Information on Heat Pumps
NEWFor more information on the workings of
heat pumps, take the time to read our new article
Air Source Heat Pumps. Also, an excellent article about
Heat Pump Mechanics can be found here.
Article Last Modified: 13:57, 29th Jan 2009Comment on this Article
If you have any comments on this article, please email them to
neil@reuk.co.uk.
I think it's good that you put this item on the website but I've been looking at much info on this subject and noted the following points:
1. Circulating refrigerant in loops of underground pipes is not the normal system. This is called Direct Exchange or DX. I think only two companies in the USA use this and in the UK only one company, Jackson Geothermal. The latter imports their system from one of the American companies,
Earthsource Energy.
2. The normal heat pump uses 'brine' consisting of water with antifreeze added. This takes low temperature heat energy to a heat pump which takes heat from the brine and transfers it to some circulating refrigerant which gives up its heat inside the house. The refrigerant thus cools the brine
which is then pumped back to the ground for warming up again.
3. The efficiency of the DX system is attractive and I'd like to install this type of heat pump. With only one supplier I guess it's going to be tricky!
Graham
November 8th 2008 |
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